Post by account_disabled on Feb 19, 2024 22:06:11 GMT -6
The increase in global temperature resulting from climate change affects all living beings, including plants. According to the FAO , temperature is a factor that influences biological processes such as photosynthesis and the absorption of water and nutrients. As the environment changes, plant species adapt to the new conditions and become resilient plants. However, as humans, we cannot wait for adaptations to occur naturally if we want to save species, including ourselves. Therefore, it is necessary to implement strategies based on the bioeconomy that allow agriculture to be sustainable . In this way, we will protect biodiversity and ensure that all people have access to safe food. Why do resilient plants have to adapt? Plants, like all living beings, have a temperature range viable for life. In their case, temperatures below 0 °C or above 50 °C prevent their fundamental biochemical processes from developing. Although the optimal temperature for development varies depending on the species, it is generally in a range between 10 °C and 25 °C. Onion Therefore, like water stress, high temperatures cause anatomical, morphological and functional changes in plants. Which results in poor growth and low productivity of fruits and seeds.
Since heat accelerates the development of plants, but does not maintain it throughout the entire life cycle. Heat stress not only comes from the temperature perceived in the air and which affects the canopies of the plants, but also from the soil temperature which affects the roots. For example, in tomatoes, daytime temperatures above 35 °C cause a decrease in seed germination by 54%, and above 40 °C it is not viable. Similarly, if the temperature exceeds 32°C during the initial stages of onion development, the bulb may form prematurely, thereby not reaching its maximum Europe Cell Phone Number List growth. Therefore, it is essential that plant species adapt so that they are resilient plants that survive climate change. How do plants adapt? We already know why plants have to adapt, but how can they do it? First of all, you have to know what adaptation is . It is "a biological mechanism through which organisms adjust to changes in their environment through morphological, physiological, behavioral and molecular modifications, which make them more suitable for their existence." what are resilient plants Like other living beings, plants adjust their physical structures and metabolism according to the characteristics of the soil, water, temperature, light and other factors.
Throughout the history of evolution, plant species have developed adaptive characteristics such as fleshy leaves that allow water retention, and rotational movements to ensure the amount of sunlight they need. Variation in global temperature has produced eurythermic plants that survive in a wide range of temperatures, such as moss. However, there are also stenothermic plants that require a specific range of temperatures, such as tropical plants. Although adaptations occur over a very long geological time, plants can acquire tolerance to certain conditions. For example, thermotolerance , that is, the ability to survive temperatures that would normally be lethal. To achieve this, prior exposure to temperatures 5 or 10 °C above the optimal development temperature is needed. In this way, the organism prepares itself to withstand subsequent periods of stress, that is, they are resilient plants. Crop optimization Stress due to high temperatures not only affects the subsistence of plants, but also that of humanity, because products of plant origin are the basis of nutrition. For this reason, it is necessary to develop agronomic strategies based on scientific knowledge, which allow mitigating the effects of global warming on crops. what are resilient plants To achieve this, balanced mineral nutrition must be promoted through soil enrichment and agricultural techniques that consider food chains. Likewise, controlled conditions must be provided for plants to develop thermotolerance and become resilient plants.